TeXes Science Practice Test

In which climate is chemical weathering the most rapid?

1. Cold, snowy climate

2. Dry desert climate

3. Temperate moderate climate

4. Tropical rainforest climate

The correct answer is: Tropical rainforest climate

Chemical weathering occurs more rapidly in tropical rainforest climates due to the warm temperatures and high levels of precipitation that are characteristic of these environments. The combination of heat and moisture accelerates the chemical reactions that break down minerals and rocks. In a tropical rainforest, the abundant rainfall provides the water necessary for these reactions, while the consistent warmth enhances the activity of chemical processes, such as hydrolysis and oxidation. This leads to the rapid formation of soil and alteration of rocks, making it an ideal setting for chemical weathering to take place. In contrast, cold snowy climates can slow down chemical weathering due to lower temperatures that inhibit reaction rates. Dry desert climates lack sufficient moisture to support the chemical processes needed for rapid weathering. Meanwhile, temperate moderate climates may experience weathering, but not at the intensity observed in tropical regions where both temperature and moisture are maximized.